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Industrial effluents only will be treated in the effluent treatment plant. The proposed effluent scheme is based on single stage dissolved air technique followed by the conventional activated sludge process and pressure sand filtration and activated carbon filtration to achieve the final parameters.
Unit Operations
- Equalization
- Acidification
- Primary Floatation
- Fat Recovery
- Chemical Conditioning
- Flocculation
- Removal of Chemical Sludge
- Biological Oxidation by Activated Sludge Process.
- Bio-clarification / sludge recycle
- Up flow pressure sand filtration
- Activated carbon filtration
- Reuse options
The segregated effluent streams from the process Effluent Treatment Plant will join the equalization tank, with adequate retention time. The effluents will be received in the equalization tank to check and stabilize the variations in the PH and other impurities. By this step differences in the temp. rate of flow of various streams balances out and acquire homogeneity so as to facilitate optimum treatment conditions. The homogeneous effluent from the equalisation tank will be pumped at the required rate into the primary floatation tank and predetermined quantity of acid will be dosed to split the free floating as well as the emulsified oils and fats and other colloidal impurities and other impurities.
At this PH (3-4) most of the soluble and insoluble fats and oils are separated and could be separated quickly by injecting the dispersion water made by the dissolved air floatation technique. Air is dissolved in water under pressure and is injected in the floatation tank, wherein because of the difference in pressure, air comes out in water as of millions of minute air bubbles. This minute air bubbles get attached to the suspended and colloidal impurities and float them to the surface of the floatation tank.
These floated oils and greases could be removed with the help of mechanical scraper provided and could be used for making acid oil. Or crude soap hence a valuable by-product.
After the removal of fats and oils acidified effluent will be coagulated and neutralized with help of common coagulants like hydrated lime solution in specially designed flash mixer cum flocculator.
The secondary reaction results from the oxygen used by the protozoa consuming bacteria releasing carbon dioxide and protozoal cells. About 85 – 90 % reduction is envisaged by this process. The effluent after the aeration enters in the secondary settling tank and the biological sludge is allowed to settle down. The sludge is drawn off and re circulated back to the aeration tank to maintain the biological population in the aeration tank whereas excess sludge is wasted through the sludge drying beds. Treated water flows in to a holding tank and is filtered in an up flow pressure sand filter to trap further suspended solids and other impurities and the filtrated water is passed through an activated carbon filter to absorb the traces of the organic impurities to prevent the smell and colors. The final treated water shall be sparkling white in color with no smell and could be taken back for indirect cooling and general washing, agricultural and gardening process.
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